Cyclones, industrial aspiration systems
NPK ENERGOTEK LLC designs and manufactures industrial aspiration systems designed to remove dust from the work of crushing and screening areas, grinding equipment, drying units, and kilns .
The main element of aspiration systems are cyclones .
Cyclones for air purification are equipment designed for effective dry cleaning of various gases in industry that are emitted during technological processes, such as drying, roasting, fuel combustion, and purification of aspiration air masses in various industrial sectors.
Universal cyclones (CU) are the most common devices used for this purpose. They are in demand both in the non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, in the oil and chemical industries, in the energy sector, in the building materials industry, in the grain processing industry, in the mining industry, and this is just the beginning of the list. TsU - the most common models of cyclones, which, due to their versatility, have a wide range of applications, great popularity and demand. Cyclones for cleaning air from dust are not used in the standard assembly for cleaning explosive or toxic environments and for separating strongly sticking dusts. This type of dust collector is installed in different sections of the gas ducts, both at the suction and discharge ones.
Universal cyclones are capable of cleaning gases from dust with an efficiency of 80 to 95% if dust particles have a size of more than 80 microns. It is recommended to use cyclones for air purification for the purpose of preliminary purification of gas-air mixtures, installed in front of highly efficient units, such as bag filters or electrostatic precipitators. However, in a number of cases, the efficiency of cleaning air masses turns out to be acceptable or sufficient for emission into the atmosphere, it all depends on the type of polluting particles, their size, the activity of the enterprise and the model of the dust collector. Efficiency is also determined by the density and dispersed composition of the captured dust particles, the viscosity of the cleaned gases, which depends on their temperature. If the diameter of the cyclone decreases and the gas velocity in the apparatus rises to a certain limit, the efficiency of air cleaning necessarily increases. The cleaning efficiency specified in the technical specifications is achieved only if the standard size of the dust collector is ideally matched to its performance. Indicators are sharply reduced when atmospheric air flows through the bunker into the cyclone. The permissible amount of suction is 5 to 8%. Customers choose standard sizes of cyclones based on their performance and taking into account the optimal speed in the cylindrical part of an industrial air cleaner. For ease of installation and operation, both "left" and "right" rotation of gas flows are used: counterclockwise and clockwise, respectively.
Dust Cyclone Working Principle
Cyclones for cleaning air from dust work according to the following principle: dusty air flows with a speed of up to 20 m / s enter the apparatus body, while making rotational movements in the annular space between the body walls and the inner pipes. Further, they move to the conical parts of the units' bodies. The centrifugal force moves the dust particles radially, which are then pressed directly against the walls of the unit housings. Air masses, freed from dust, go out through the inner pipe, and pollutants enter the storage hopper, these processes are common for each of the models of universal cyclones.
Depending on the conditions of use, gas production capacity, as well as on the specifics of production, universal cyclones are produced in a single or in a group version of two to eight units of the same inner diameter. Group cyclones can be with a "snail", a kind of purified gas chamber, in the case when the apparatus is operating under discharge. If the dust collector operates under pressure, models with a collector are produced, it all depends on the layout. Single models are produced exclusively with "snail".
Cyclone range
Universal cyclones are represented by such a model range as Cyclones TsN-15, Cyclones STsN-40, Cyclones TsN-11, VZP, TsP-2, TsM, TsV . Cyclones of the TsN-15 type are among the most versatile cleaning units. These installations can be successfully used in almost any field of industry. The efficiency of their cleaning reaches 95%, depending on the conditions (size and dispersed composition of particles, gas viscosity, etc.). Please note that in terms of the quality of work, Cyclones of the TsN-15 type are considered the best among the entire model range of universal cyclones, not only in Ukraine, but also in many other CIS countries.
A big plus of Cyclones of the TsN -11 type is that they are practically not exposed to abrasive dust. They also feature an 11-degree inlet arrangement, which generates a high rpm for more efficient elimination of the smallest dust particles.
VZP cyclones-dust collectors are most in demand in industries that need to combat such pollutants as clay, sand, cement, ore, silicate dust and asbestos dust. Cyclones of the TsP-2 type are better than other universal cyclones to cope with dust separation of large air masses.
Cyclones CV differ in that they have a built-in fan and are best used for woodworking and for cleaning grain. Cyclones CM, like many other universal units, can be used to clean almost any dust, but their direct purpose is to work with dust, which has a high percentage of abrasiveness.
Summing up, we can conclude that the widespread use of universal cyclones for cleaning gas-air mixtures from dust is explained by such significant factors as: simplicity of the unit design, reliability in use, relatively low material costs for manufacturing, installation, and operation.